要使战犯由不认罪转变为认罪，由“鬼”转变为人确实需要一个过程。刚到管理所，由于身份的变化、担心受报复的心理和“武士道”精神的影响，战犯普遍不认罪，对管理所不信任，怀有对立情绪。管理所在严格遵守日内瓦有关国际公约，采取组织学习、参观和讨论等形式，始终坚持文明管理，取得了明显的效果。战犯管理所还专门建立了图书阅览室。管理所组织战犯重点学习列宁的《帝国主义论》，并以《日本资本主义发展史》、《日本人民的前途》等书籍和报刊作为辅助性学习材料，尽可能使战犯认识日本军国主义者发动侵华战争的社会、政治根源，及其侵略本质。
A process was indeed needed for the war criminals to change from refusing to admit to admitting their guilt and from "devils" to humans. Shortly after arrivals in the management center， due to the change in their identity， due to their psychology of fearing reprisals to be taken against them and due to the influence of bushido spirit， the war criminals generally refused to admit their crimes and distrusted the management center and cherished antagonism. On the basis of strictly observing the Geneva international convention， the management center adopted the methods of organizing studies， visits and discussions， always persisted in civilized management and thus achieved tangible results. The war criminals management center also specially set up a library and reading rooms. It organized the war criminals to mainly study Lenin"s "On Imperialism"， coupled with such supplementary study materials as the books "Development History of Capitalism in Japan" and "The Future of the Japanese People" and newspapers and magazines， trying as far as possible to enable war criminals to understand the social and political roots of the war launched by Japanese militarists against China and its aggressive nature.
（战犯们理论学习的重要文献之一 《论持久战》①
One of the important documents for war criminals" theoretical study-On Protracted War）
① 《论持久战》：1938年5月，毛泽东撰写了这一中国共产党领导抗日战争的纲领性文献。《论持久战》初步总结了全中国抗战的经验，批驳了当时盛行的种种错误观点，系统阐明了中国共产党的抗日持久战方针。
On Protracted War was written by Mao Zedong in May 1938.It is a programmatic document guiding the anti-Japanese war led by the Communist Party of China (CPC). This document preliminarily summed up the experiences gained by the whole of China in its war of resistance， refuted various kinds of mistaken views current at that time， and systematically expounded the CPC"s principle for protracted war of resistance against Japanese aggression.
（为战犯学习提供的部分书籍。
Providing some books for war criminals" studies.）
（管理所对战犯进行广播教育。
The management center gave war criminals broadcasting education.）
（1953年9月，抚顺战犯管理所开始以广播的形式组织战犯学习列宁的《帝国主义论》等。
In September 1953， the Fushun War Criminals Management Center began to organize war criminals to study Lenin"s "On Imperialism" and other books in the broadcasting form.）
（尉官以下战犯在进行热烈讨论。
War criminals at or below lieutenant level are having heated discussions.）
（战犯在学习会上互相交流心得。
War criminals exchanged views on what they had gained from study.）
通过学习和讨论，战犯逐渐认识到其在侵华战争中所犯的罪行，认清了日本军国主义思想的反动本质和危害。
战犯们在监舍内展开学习讨论。在学习中，有的战犯表白了自己最初的困惑：“日本要发展，只有向中国大陆伸手，那是为了对抗西洋对亚洲的扩张，是以促进东洋民族的团结为理想的。我也承认，的确在行动中理想与现实有些脱节，可是马上把它说成是侵略，这种说法是值得考虑的。”
也有战犯表达了自己思想逐渐转变的过程：“我是59师团的，也曾想过自己是为了天皇陛下，为了祖国而战争的。可是，以战争为理由，袭击村庄，烧毁房屋，掠夺物资等，都是上官的命令，都是日本军侵略方针的指使。这不是侵略，是什么？在满洲打仗，掠夺资源，不管怎么说，那都是帝国主义的侵略行为”。
Through studies and discussions， the war criminals gradually came to understand the crimes they committed in their war of aggression against China， and got a clear understanding of the reactionary nature and harm of Japanese militarist thinking.
War criminals carried out studies and discussions in the wards. During study， some war criminals expressed the perplexity they had at the beginning： The only way for Japan is to extend their hands to the Chinese mainland if they want development， that is aimed to resist the Westerners" expansion toward Asia， and to promote Japan"s national unity as their ideals.
"I admit that ideal and reality are indeed somewhat divorced in actions， but if this was immediately described as aggression， such saying was worth consideration，" said one of the war criminals.
Some war criminals expressed the process of their gradual ideological change： "I am of the 59th division and I once thought I was battling for His majesty the emperor of Japan and for the motherland. However， attacking villages， burning down houses and looting materials with war as the reason are all orders from the senior officers and directed by the Japanese troops" principle of aggression， what is this， if not aggression？ Fighting in Manchuria and plundering materials， said in whatever way， are imperialist acts of aggression".
（战犯们在收听广播受教育。
War criminals listened to broadcasting to receive education）
罪行反省的多种方式
1954年4月的一天早晨，管理所的扩音器里，传出让战犯全体集合的通知。
集合的地点是露天舞台。首先管理所所长登上讲台宣布：“下面由宫崎弘在大家面前进行认罪发言。”
接着宫崎弘走上讲台，给大家行过礼后就讲了起来。
“我是第39师团第232连队第1大队的中队长宫崎弘。”
“我得到中国政府的允许，我要发言。”
“我崇拜天皇。当时，我认为大和民族是优秀的，建立大东亚共荣圈日本应是东洋的盟主……”
“那时杀害了很多中国人，掠夺了很多物资……”
“1943年末，我们第一大队，袭击了河北省当阳县的白羊寺村。我带领部下闯进村庄，在村庄的东头，将来不及逃跑的村民用刺刀刺死。他们当中有老人、孕妇和婴儿。在刺杀孕妇的时候，我叫她脱光衣服，面对大家。我边向她刺杀，边同部下一起狂笑着……”
宫崎脸上流着泪水和汗珠，继续说：
“我在老场时，曾对河对岸的乾溪场街上抓来的农民进行审讯，以柔道的手段，反复把他摔出几次，最后把他活活掐死。”
“我在江南作战时，俘虏了一个少年，这个少年把手掌中放着的几粒炒豆送给我吃，我把炒豆打掉了，同时把这个少年打倒在地，然后用军刀把他砍死。”
管理所的一个炊事员指认，在此关押的新井正代就是杀死他父亲，强奸并杀害他姐姐的凶手。
新井正代被指认为杀人魔鬼后，内心受到巨大冲击，他下决心坦白交待自己罪行，并且写出反省书。
一天，广播中播出新井正代的认罪书：我，新井正代，1919年7月5日出生在一个佃农家庭，有7个兄弟，我排行老六。1939年12月应征入伍，在中国山东省东平县59师团54旅109大队服役……
1942年，受师团命令，参加了“掠夺小麦战斗”。
当我在山东省东平县抢走最后一袋小麦时，有位老太婆抱住我的腿，苦苦哀求说：
“拿走这袋小麦，我们全家人就都得饿死，不要拿走啊……”她以为只要拼命哀求，我会答应将小麦还给她。
可她万万没有想到，我却把她打倒在地，夺走了那袋小麦。最后当她感觉到怎样哀求都没用时，便非常气愤地怒视着我。
我说：“你这个穷老太太，瞪什么眼！还不如一个蚂蚁。”我用穿着军靴的脚向她的脸上踢了过去，而后把她杀死，扔到池塘里去了。
我还把抓来的一位30多岁的中国农民，剥光了衣服，用绳子绑在柱子上，然后用挖菜的尖刀向这个农民的胸膛刺了进去，这个农民非常愤怒地说：“要杀就快杀。”
我说：“你这个混蛋，想要快死吗，那太便宜了。” 随即就从他前胸直到下肢，一刀刀砍了下去，他的血流了满地，把我穿的衣服也都染红了。此时，新兵吓得直哆嗦。我说：
“怎么样！新兵们！干这样的事很容易。”
1945年4月在山东省东昌县作战时，我带了个18岁左右的女孩当玩物安慰自己，我想早晚要把她“处理”掉。
